China's understanding of the world is a long historical process as well as a process of self-recognition. It includes China’s historical cognition of its own, China’s perception of the outside world, and China’s recognition of its own world positioning during specific historical periods. This is a big problem. Of course, when we talk about China's understanding of the world, the first thing that comes to mind is China’s understanding of the modern world. This is also a big problem and it is full of controversy. In order to avoid unnecessary arguments, we need to make some clear definitions of the issues discussed.